नमस्ते सदा वत्सले मातृभूमे त्वया हिन्दुभूमे सुखं वर्धितोहम्।
महामङ्गले पुण्यभूमे त्वदर्थे पतत्वेष कायो नमस्ते नमस्ते॥
i.e.,
O loving Motherland, I always salute you! On this Hindu land, I have grown up happily with your nurture and care. O most auspicious and sacred land, for your sake I offer this mortal body. I bow to you again and again..
Hello friends!
Welcome to our Website. Today we will discuss a topic that has deeply influenced Indian politics: Hindutva. Often misunderstood and sometimes misrepresented, Hindutva is a complex and multifaceted ideology. In this Blog, we will explore its origins, key principles, and its impact on Indian politics. Whether you are familiar with the term or hearing it for the first time, this comprehensive guide will help you understand what Hindutva truly is and why it is significant. So, let’s get started!**
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Origin and main principles of Hinduism (हिंदुत्व का उत्पत्ति और प्रमुख सिद्धांत)
Origin of Hinduism (हिंदुत्व की उत्पत्ति)
- The term “Hindutva” was first mentioned by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in 1923 in his pamphlet “Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?” Savarkar, a freedom fighter and thinker, provided a new definition and perspective to Hindutva through this book. For him, Hindutva was not limited to the religious Hinduism but was a broader cultural and political identity. Savarkar believed that the meaning of Hindutva was not confined to the followers of Hinduism but included all those who consider the land of India as their holy land (punyabhumi) and fatherland (pitrubhumi). This means that all those who are born in India and whose cultural and historical roots lie in India fall under Hindutva.
Savarkar based Hindutva on three main points –
Geographical Unity (भूगोलिक एकता)
- According to him, the first element of Hindutva is the unity of people living within the geographical boundaries of India. This unity is not just geographical but also cultural and historical. Considering the land of India as sacred and protecting it is a major objective of Hindutva.
Cultural Unity (सांस्कृतिक एकता)
- Savarkar defined Hindutva as a cultural identity. According to him, the roots of Indian culture lie in Hindu civilization, and this culture unites all Indians, regardless of their religion or caste. This culture manifests in every aspect of the lives of Indians, such as their festivals, customs, language, and literature.
Religious tolerance (धार्मिक सहिष्णुता)
- Although Savarkar separated Hindutva from Hinduism, he supported secularism. According to him, the aim of Hindutva is to promote tolerance and harmony among different religions, provided they are in consonance with Indian culture and traditions
Savarkar’s perspective presented Hindutva as a broad and inclusive ideology that is significant not just religiously but also culturally and politically. He emphasized that Hindutva is an essential component of Indian nationalism and helps in keeping Indian society united. Thus, through “Hindutva: Who is a Hindu?”, Savarkar deeply connected Hindutva with Indian culture, history, and geography and presented it as a broad political ideology. This ideology later played a significant role in Indian politics through organizations like the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).
Main principles of Hinduism (हिंदुत्व के प्रमुख सिद्धांत)
Key Principles of Hindutva
- The ideology of Hindutva is based on four major principles: cultural unity, religious tolerance, nationalism, and Akhand Bharat (undivided India). Let’s understand these principles in detail.
Cultural Unity (सांस्कृतिक एकता)
Hindutva believes that India’s cultural heritage is based on Hindu civilization. To understand and define Indian culture, Hindutva adopts a cultural perspective. This includes the following aspects:
- Shared Cultural Symbols: Festivals, music, dance, literature, and art in India are all connected to Hindu civilization. These shared cultural symbols bind Indian society together.
- Historical Heritage:India’s historical heritage, such as ancient temples, scriptures, and architectural styles, all fall under Hindu culture. Hindutva emphasizes preserving this heritage and maintaining its significance.
- Cultural Values: Values like truth (satya), non-violence (ahimsa), duty (dharma), and responsibility are important aspects of Indian culture. Hindutva seeks to promote and spread these values within society.
Religious tolerance (धार्मिक सहिष्णुता)
While Hindutva emphasizes Hindu culture, it supports tolerance towards other religions, provided they are in harmony with Indian culture. This means:
- Religious Pluralism:- Hindutva acknowledges the presence of different religions and respects their existence, as long as they show respect for Indian values and traditions.
- Harmony and Cooperation:- Hindutva aims to promote harmony and cooperation among different religious communities, ensuring peace and harmony within society.
- Religious Freedom:- Hindutva supports individual religious freedom, allowing each person to practice their religion freely, provided it aligns with Indian culture and social order.
Nationalism (राष्ट्रवाद)
A core principle of Hindutva is that India is a Hindu nation, and its politics, society, and culture should be operated from this perspective. This nationalism is based on the following elements:
- National Pride:- Hindutva calls for pride in Indian civilization and culture. It aims to enhance national pride and self-respect among Indians.
- National Unity:- Hindutva views all Indians as one nation, without division based on religion, caste, language, or region.
- Service to the Nation:- Hindutva inspires its followers to serve the nation, work for the prosperity and security of the country. It values patriotism and national duty.
Unified India (अखंड भारत)
- The concept of Akhand Bharat is a significant principle of Hindutva, emphasizing the geographical and cultural unity of India:
- Geographical Integrity:- Hindutva believes that India’s current boundaries should be expanded to include regions that were historically part of India, such as Pakistan and Bangladesh. This concept supports re-establishing the ancient geographical entity of India.
- Cultural Integrity:- Hindutva views Indian culture as indivisible and aims to preserve and promote it. It emphasizes maintaining cultural unity among various regions and communities.
- National Renaissance:- The concept of Akhand Bharat seeks to awaken a sense of national renaissance in Indian society, where all Indians take pride in their cultural and historical roots and pass it on to future generations.
Hinduism & Indian Politics (हिंदुत्व और भारतीय राजनीति)
Rise of Hindutva in the political scenario (राजनीतिक परिदृश्य में हिंदुत्व का उद)
- During and after the Indian freedom struggle, Hindutva emerged as a significant political movement. Organizations like the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and the Bharatiya Jana Sangh became its primary proponents. With the formation of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 1980, Hindutva entered mainstream politics.
- Ayodhya Movement:- In the 1990s, the demolition of the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya made Hindutva a major political issue. This event firmly established the ideology of Hindutva in Indian politics and helped the BJP emerge as a national power.
- Current Scenario:- Today, through the BJP and other Hindutva-supported organizations, Hindutva has become an integral part of Indian politics. Prime Minister Narendra Modi and other prominent leaders have presented it as a symbol of national pride and cultural resurgence.
- Support for Hindutva:- Supporters of Hindutva view it as a means of safeguarding Indian culture and nationality. They argue that Hindutva preserves India’s pluralistic culture and protects it from external threats.
- Criticism of Hindutva:- Critics of Hindutva consider it communal and divisive. They claim that it promotes discrimination and violence against religious minorities and is against the secular principles of the Indian Constitution.
त्यजेदेकं कुलस्यार्थे ग्रामस्यार्थे कुलं त्यजेत्।
ग्रामं जनपदस्यार्थे आत्मार्थे पृथिवीं त्यजेत्॥
i.e.,
Sacrifice one for the sake of the family, sacrifice the family for the sake of the village, sacrifice the village for the sake of the nation, and sacrifice the world for the sake of the soul’s liberation.
In today’s Blog, we deeply analyzed the origin of Hindutva, its key principles, and its impact on Indian politics. It is clear that Hindutva is not just a religious ideology but a political and cultural identity that has reshaped Indian politics. What will be the future of Hindutva? Will it emerge as a positive force in Indian politics or become a source of controversy and division? That remains to be seen. If you liked this blog, please like, share, and follow on our website. Do share your thoughts and suggestions in the comments section.
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जय श्री राम।।
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